GM9070P

GM GM9070P 96 - 9006379 00087b2 932 - I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS I Materials and Processes - Procedures PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FLAMMABILITY OF MATERIALS GM907OP 1 SCOPE. This standard covers a test for determining 3.7 A controlled temperature and humidity chamber, or flammability characteristics of certain materials used in pas- equivalent, to provide an environment of 21 f 2°C and 50 senger cars, multipurpose vehicles, trucks and buses. It 5% RI-I for conditioning the specimens. includes a system of letter-numeral symbols for reporting the results of the test. 3.8 Clicker die (or equivalent) for cutting specimens 100 355 mm. 1.1 RESTRICTED AND REPORTABLE CHEMICALS (GMlOOOM). All materials supplied to this specification must 3.9 Certified stop watch or equivalent. comply with the requirements listed in GMlOOOM, “Restricted and Reportable Chemicals.” 3.10 Thread (24/4 glace cotton, natural) for spanning the width of one U-frame at two points to signal when flame has 1.2 This standard applies to material covered by GM flamma- progressed to each point. See Figure 1. bility requirements. 3.11 Weights (14 g) for hanging on one end of the two 1.3 This standard is intended to supplement, not supercede, threads. the requirements of the GM General Quality Standards for Purchased Material. All sections of this standard define spe- cific minimum requirements. Any increased inspection levels or additional criteria deemed necessary by a source must be implemented and maintained, as required. 2 REFERENCED STANDARDS. GMlOOOM FMVSS 302 3 APPARATUS. 3.1 A metal flammability test cabinet for protecting speci- mens from drafts while being tested. The interior of the cabinet shall be 380 mm long, 205 mm deep and 355 mm high. The cabinet shall have a heat resistant glass window for viewing the test, a closable opening for inserting the specimen holder (stand), ten 19 mm holes in the base, a 13 mm clearance around the top for ventilation, and legs to elevate the bottom 10 mm. See Figures 3 and 4. NOTE: Cabinets conforming to this standard are available at GM of Canada, Engineering Department, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada (416-644-5306). 3.2 Two matching aluminum U-frames for holding the speci- mens while being tested (one slotted at 25 mm intervals to accommodate the support wires, the other slotted to accommo- WEIGHT y SPECIMEN 1 date two threads) as shown in Figure 1. FIGURE 1 - U-FRAME ASSEMBLY WITH TYPICAL 3.3 An aluminum stand to support and locate U-frame with SPECIMEN specimens in the center of the cabinet. See Figure 2. 4 GENERAL. 3.4 Thin heat resistant wire (0.25 mm dia Chromel) for span- ning the width of one U-frame at 25 mm intervals to support 4.1 Testing shall be conducted in tbe most adverse area (di- subsize specimens and those that soften and bend at the flam- rection) of the material. ing end while being tested. 4.2 Materials which have a low bum characteristic and do 3.5 A Bunsen burner with 9.5 mm ID tube, and a gas adjust- not require the use of flame retardants to meet the burn rate ing valve to provide a flame 38 mm high when tube is vertical. specification, shall be classified as non-additive materials. Documentation verifying this shall be retained. 3.6 natural gas. Gas to provide a flame temperature equivalent to that of 4.2.1 Materials in this category, which qualify to the N-5 sample size in Table 1 for 5 consecutive lots, will require no 0 Copyright JULY 19% Generd Motors Ccfporation All Rights Reserved GM GM9070P 1 =jb W qOOb37q 0008763 879 W GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS Materials and Processes - Procedures PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FLAMMABILITY OF MATERIALS GM9070P additional testing, providing no significant material, process or design changes are made. 4.3 Materials which require the use of flame retardants to meet the bum rate specification shall be classified as udditive- type materials. 4.4 When a source location can demonstrate that their pro- cess does not adversely affect flammability, the source location may test each lot of incoming material from their suppliers to Table 1, as received. TABLE 1 - BURN RATE AND RANGE CHART 25 15 N q 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 9070-T01(6/96) SAMPLE SIZE RANGE horn) 4.5 Source locations supplying additive-type materials shall test each lot of material, prior to shipping. Also, source loca- tions supplying non-additive materials, which do not qualify for exemption for further testing outlined in 4.4 shall test each lot of material, prior to shipping, in accordance with this Procedure. 4.6 Reduced inspections and/or tests may be used by the source location when such inspections and/or tests provide, as a minimum, the quality assurance required by this standard and other contractual agreements. Before applying such reduced inspections and/or tests, the source location shall sub- mit in writing, the details and the nature of the request along with all supporting data based upon actual tryout at the source location. Such data shall be submitted to GM through the Purchasing Department of the survey responsible division with a copy to the Survey Representative. 4.6.1 The source location shall not implement such reduced inspections and/or tests until written permission has been granted by GM through the survey responsible Purchasing Department. In cases of dispute, as to whether the inspections and/or tests proposed by the source location provide equal assurance, the inspections and/or tests of this standard and other contractual agreements shall apply. 4.7 The source location shah inform all suppliers, by letter, of the GM flammability requirements and receive a letter of acknowledgement in reply, or document the receipt for a regis- tered letter sent to their suppliers. 5 MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION. 5.1 LOT. A lot is identified as a batch, a jumbo roll or a quantity of material which has been produced from the same base compound material and is homogeneous in nature. Each lot of material shall remain readily available and identifiable, until the tests are complete so it may be retrieved in the event of inspection and/or test failure. Each lot of material shall have a unique identification. Q Copyright JULY lge6 Generd Motors Cwpcmtion Al Rights Reserved m 9006379 0008707 T4T - Materials and Processes - Procedures I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS I PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FLAMMABILITY OF MATERIALS GM9070P 5.1.1 Only one lot identification shall be assigned to a lot of material, regardless of the number of facilities that will receive the material. When the material is returned to the source loca- tion as a result of a manufacturing discrepancy, and any repair or rework is performed on the material which may affect the burn rate, the material must be requalified to the acceptance table, and a new lot number assigned prior to reshipment. 5.2 LABORATORY SAMPLE. A portion of material taken to represent the lot sample, or the original material, and used in the laboratory as a source of test specimens. 5.3 SPECIMEN. A specific portion of a material or a labora- tory sample upon which a test is performed or which is selected for that purpose. 5.4 COMPOSITE MATERIALS. A material that adheres to other material(s) at every point of contact shall be considered a composite material and shall be tested as one specimen. 5.5 NONCOMPOSITE MATERIALS. Any material that does not adhere to other material(s) at every point of contact shall be tested separately. Sewing, dielectric bonding, point bonding or mechanically attached materials are not considered a composite material. should be reported for information purposes only, since no burn requirement can be established. 6.5 The specimen shall be cut in the direction that provides the most adverse test results, as determined by prior testing. 6.6 Specimens with a napped or tufted surface shall be placed on a flat surface and combed twice against the nap with a comb having 7 to 8 smooth, rounded teeth per 25 mm. 7 CONDITIONING OF SPECIMENS. Prior to testing, each specimen shall be conditioned @ 21 k 2°C and 50 f 5% RH for 24 h, and the test performed under these conditions. To facilitate handling, several pieces may be taken from the humid- ity chamber and placed in a polyethylene bag to retain moisture until they are to be burned. 8 PROCEDURE. 8.1 Install the wires, and threads when needed, in the U- shaped frames so that the specimen will lay across the wires and the threads will lay across the top surface of the specimen, as shown in Figure 1. The specimen shall be oriented so that the surface closest to the occupant compartment air space faces down on the frame. 8.1 .l The use of threads is a means to determine the flame front when vision is obscured due to smoke within the cabinet. 8.2 Mount the specimen so that both sides and one end are held by the matching frames, and one end is even with the open end of the frames. Where the maximum available width of a specimen is not more than SO mm, so that the sides of the specimen cannot be held in the frames, place the specimen in position with one end held by the closed end of the frames. Specimens shorter than 355 mm shall be positioned on wire supports and aligned with the open end of the frames for igni- tion purposes. 8.3 Place the mounted specimen in a horizontal position in the center of the cabinet. 8.4 Ignite the burner and adjust the flame height to 38 mm; be sure the air inlet to the burner is closed. 8.5 Position the burner and specimen so the center of the burner tip is 19 mm below the center of the bottom edge of the open end of the specimen. 8.6 Expose the specimen to the flame for 15 s. 8.7 Begin the timing (without reference to the period of application of the burner flame) when the flame from the bum- ing specimen reaches a point 38 mm from the open end of the specimen. 8.8 Measure the time that it takes the flame to progress to a point 38 mm from the clamped end of the specimen. If the flame does not reach the end point of the timing zone, time its progress to the point where flaming stops. 6 SAMPLING PROCEDURE. 6.1 Specimens shall be selected at random to establish the maximum burn rate. 6.2 Preferably the specimens shall be 100 x 355 mm and the thickness as used in the vehicle, except where the material exceeds 12.7 mm in thickness. In the case of thicker materials, the specimen shall be cut to 12.7 mm in thickness as measured from the surface of the specimen which is closest to the occu- pant compartment air space, when the part from which the specimen was taken is assembled in the automobile. 6.2.1 The requirement concerning transmission of a flame front shall not apply to a surface created by the cutting of a test specimen for purposes of testing. 6.3 Where it is not possible to obtain a flat specimen, because of component configuration, the specimen shall be cut to not more than 12.7 mm in thickness at any point, from the area with the least curvature, and in a manner as to include the face side. The maximum available length or width of a specimen shall be used where either dimension is less than 355 mm or 100 mm respectively, unless surrogate testing is used. 6.3.1 Where specimen sizes or shapes restrict the ability to test, molded plaques of raw material shall be made 100 x 355 mm and the thickness shall be no greater than the thinnest wall thickness measured from the actual part for which the plaque is being substituted. 6.4 If none of the above options can be met, particularly in the instance of small parts, the entire part may be tested. This 0 Copyright JULY 1936 Genera Motors Cwpcration All Rights Reserved m 1 7oola379 0008708 98b m and Processes - Procedures 1 GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS IMaterials PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FLAMMABILITY OF MATERIALS GM9070P 8.9 Calculate the bum rate from the formula: B - (60 x D)/T where: B = Burn rate in mn-Jminute D - Length the flame travels, in mm T - Time in s for the flame to travel D mm REFERENCE 10 COMMON TERMINOLOGY. POINTS AND 9 REPORTING. 9.1 SINGLE SPECIMEN BURN RESULTS. result as calculated in . 9.2 MULTIPLE SPECIMEN BURN RESULTS. 9.2.1 Bum the test specimens that were selected at random, and establish the maximum burn rate. 9.2.2 Subtract the minimum burn rate from the maximum to establish the range. 9.2.3 Plot on Table 1 the point at which the maximum burn rate and the range lines intersect. 9.2.4 Accept lots when the intersection point falls to the left of the solid line which relates to the sample size (N). If the point falls to the right, the lot shall not be accepted and one of the following options shall be taken: 9.2.4.1 Reject the material. 9.2.4.2 Place material on hold to prevent shipment and con- tinue testing by referring to the solid line to the right of the intersection point, to determine the larger sample size (includ- ing the original prior tests) required to qualify and repeat the above procedure. NOTE: If a lot cannot be qualified to the N-15 sample size in Table 1, the lot shall be rejected. 9.2.5 When a specimen has burned for 4 minutes beyond the timing mark, the flame may be extinguished and the test dis- continued. To determine the estimated rate of bum, as if the sample had burned the full 255 mm, measure the length of burn beyond the timing mark and divide by 4. The result should be recorded as an estimated bum rate. 9.3 REDUCED SPECIMEN SIZE. When 10 consecutive lots are found to be acceptable on the basis of three test speci- mens and the intersection point falls to the left of the solid line N-3, the specimen size may be reduced to 2. If during subse- quent testing, any lot fails to meet the N-2 criteria, the specimen size for subsequent lots shall be increased to 3 or more until 10 consecutive lots are accepted. Report the (6) :3 ) (1: I I (1) (2) (3: (4) (5) (6) IGNITIOK STARTIKG P;INT SE ZONE START OF TIMING Z?NC SE/NBR ZONE SE/BRN RATE Z3NC ENL OF TIMING ZONE 707C-A?T(S/93) Definition Symbol Does Not Ignite. Specimen does not support DNI combustion during or after ignition. Self-Extinguishing. Specimen ignites but does not SE burn to the timing zone. Self-Extinguishing/No Bum Rate. Specimen SE/ ignites but stops burning before it has burned for NBR 60 s from the start of the timing and does not bum more than 50.8 mm from the point where timine was started. SJW) Self-Extinguishing/With a Bum Rate (B). Specimen does not burn or transmit a flame front across its surface at a rate of more than 101.6 mm/minute. Specimen stops burning before it has burned for 60 s from start of timing and has not burned more than 50.8 mm from the point where timing was started. The bum rate is calculated from the formula in 8.9. If the flame front does not stop before reaching B the end of the timing zone, the bum rate is calculated from the formula in 8.9. ” rials, operations and equipment. This method does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this method to establish appro- priate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 11 SAFETY. This method may involve hazardous mate- 12 GENERAL INFORMATION. This standard was issued in January 1972. The latest revisions include the follow- ing: 1 Rev 1 Date 1 Description 0 Copyright JULY 1596 Genera Motors Corporation All Rights Resewed W 1 9006379 0008709 812 - Materials and Processes - Procedures GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FLAMMABILITY OF MATERIALS GM9070P WIRE GUIDE FOR THREAD -2 REO’D (FOR WIRE SUPPORTS) 25.4 TOP U-FRAME WTTOM U-FRAME 36.11 9.651 I- 9.65 t % 19.1-L 318 - I 356 ‘2’7 NOTES DIMENSIONS: TOUAANQ - i0.l ALL D1MINSlOM, 12.7 c STAND MATERIAL: ALUMINUM. FIGURE 2 - U-FRAMES AND STAND 0 CopyigM JULY 19% General Motors Ccrpwatlon All RigMs Reserved - 900b3-79 0008720 I 534 - I I GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS Materials and Processes - Procedures PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FLAMMABILITY OF MATERIALS GM9070P FIGURE 3 - FLAMMABILITY TEST CABINET 0 CopyigM JULY 1996 General Motors Cwpwation Al Rights Reserved - 1 9006379 00087LL 1 470 - Materials and Processes - Procedures 1 GENERAL MOTORS ENGINEERING STANDARDS PROCEDURE FOR TESTING FLAMMABILITY OF MATERIALS GM9070P NOTES DI#ENSlO(YS: TOLERANQ - fO.60 ALL DIYENSIONS. wm: Emnmn4~10w~ ~0. nisuCKwt3tN~~S FINISH OR EWIVALIWT. INTEIIOR-S?RAYON NO. 371 FLAT BUCK ENAMEL OR EWIVALENT. TEST CABINET COVER MATERIAL: 0.1)89 COLD ROLLED STEEL FIGURE 4 - CABINET COVER Q Copyright JULY 1596 General Motors Corporation All Rights Resend