一、词汇要求
1. 正式化：
2. 准确化：
3. 名词化：
4. 多样化
四级常考词汇汇总：
好学生：top/ smart/gifted/ superior/ excellent/ outstanding/ high achieving/ A student, boys and girls/ school populations of high ability 想象：imagine/ visualize
积累财富：make money and possess luxuries/ amass wealth and possessions 能力：ability, skill, capacity
越来越：be increasingly+adj, be on the rise, the growing number of
意识到：there is growing awareness of/ realization of, awaken sb to the fact that 适应新的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate oneself to new environment 产生影响：have/exert a profound influence on …, have a dramatic/undesirable effect on…
满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of
把……考虑进去：take sth into account/ consideration, give much thought to 重视：attach/assign much importance/significance to 强调：place/put much emphasis/stress/value on
把注意力集中在：focus/concentrate one’s attention/efforts/thoughts upon 献身于：devote/dedicate/commit oneself to …
实现自己的理想/愿望：realize/ fulfill/ achieve one’s dream
减轻压力：reduce/alleviate/relieve/sweat away the stress/pressures/tension
加快促进发展：accelerate/facilitate/advance/enhance/boost the development of 随着生活节奏的加快：with the quickening pace/rhyme/tempo of modern life 开阔眼界：broaden one’s outlook/horizon
取得进步：make much progress/ strides/ gains in 提供机会：provide/ offer/ furnish an opportunity 抓住机会：grab/ seize/ take the opportunity
四级作文最常用的七大词汇扩展：
1. 学生最喜欢的句型“with the development of the society”
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1.1 从无到有
1.2 从有到无
1.3 从低级到高级
1.4 从高级到低级
1.5 抽象的变化
2. 表示正误的词 2.1 正确 普通意义的正确 Right, correct, understandable, accepted,… 具体方面的正确 Reasonable, rational, logical, responsible, feasible… 2.2 错误 普通意义的正确 Wrong, incorrect, mistaken, unaccepted,… 具体方面的正确 Unreasonable, irrational, illogical, irresponsible, unfeasible, harmful, unreliable… 错误程度的区分 Questionable, ridiculous, fallacious… 3. 表示重要的词 从程度上讲 Important, vital, crucial, … 从表现方面 Necessary, essential, indispensable, urgent, immediate,… 从后果上讲 Severe, serious, irreversible, irreparable, disastrous, catastrophic,… 5．表示优缺点的词 表示优点 Advantage, pro, merit,… 表示缺点 Disadvantage, con, demerit, shortcoming, drawback, defect, flaw,… 5．表示描述图表的词 表示增长的词 Increase, ascend, climb, rise, mount, accumulate, go up, surge, soar, jump, level up,…
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表示下跌的词 Drop, decline, decrease, fall, go down, level off, dip(下降后重新上升),… 表示走平的词 Stabilize, remain stead, maintain stable, keep the same, stay unchanged,… 表示波动的词 Fluctuate,… 表示变化剧烈的Sharply, dramatically, drastically, greatly, immensely, 词 noticeably,… 表示变化缓慢的Gradually, moderately, slowly, gently,… 词 表示顶部的词 Peak, highest,… 表示底部的词 Bottom, lowest point,… 6. 表示让步、转折词： 转折的连词 But, while, yet, whereas,… 转折的副词 However, nevertheless, nonetheless, yet, still,… 转折性对比(副Instead, on the contrary, in comparison, by contrast, in contrast 词词组) with/ to 表示让步的连词Though, although, even if, even though, despite the fact that, in 和词组 spite of the fact that 7. 表示原因和结果的词 原因的连词和词Because, since, as, for, in that,… 组 原因的介词和词For, due to, owing to, thanks to, on account of, because of,… 组 结果的连词和词So, so that, so…that, such…that, … 组 结果的副词和词Therefore, hence, consequently, thus, as a result,… 组 原因导致结果词Lead to, contribute to, account for, be responsible for, result in, 组 bring about,… 结果源于原因词Lie in, result from, be attributed to, come from, derive from, 组 stem/originate from,…
二、句型扩展
1. 并列句
2. 插入语
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3. 倒装: 用于结尾段最后一句
4. 生命主语 4.1 it主语
4.2 there be
5. 虚拟语气
三、题型解析
1. 正反阐释文
1.1 解题步骤
1.2 参考模板 开头：
There is no consensus of opinions among people as to X (争论的焦点). Some people are of the view that （观点1）, while others take an opposite stand, firmly believing that（观点2）.
主体： A：Those people who maintain（观点1）hold that（论据1）. They also claim that （论据2）.
B：Nevertheless, the other people who contend（观点2）argue that（论据1）. They also point out that（论据2）.
结尾
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A: one-sided---As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, (论据1) For another，(论据2)When all the factors are examined, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that….
B: Balanced---From the above discussion, I have to admit that there are merits to both sides of the issue. However, I would like to take a more neutral position. On the one hand, （针对观点1立场或相关措施及建议）...on the other hand，（针对观点2立场或相关措施及建议）.
1.3 例文展示
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic “Study abroad or in China?” You should write at least 150 words, and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 很多人认为有志向的学生应当到海外留学，理由是„ 2. 也有人持不同意见„ 3. 我的看法
Study Abroad or in China?
There is no consensus of opinions among people as to whether students should study abroad or not. Some people are of the view that the youths should go overseas for further study if possible, while others take an opposite stand, firmly believing that it is of no necessity for students to study in a foreign country.
Those people who maintain that it is good for students to go abroad for further study argue that diverse culture background can broaden students’ horizon. They also claim that overseas study can shape students’ personality because they are forced to deal with all kinds of difficulties by themselves.
Nevertheless, the other people who contend that domestic education is good enough for students argue that our educational quality has been greatly improved during the past decade. They also point out that domestic education is convenient and economical.
As far as I am concerned, the former opinion holds more weight. For one thing, it can strengthen the learners’ abilities to understand and communicate with people from other cultures. For another, the developed countries still have a lot advanced knowledge which is worth our study. When all the factors are examined, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that studying abroad is advisable.
2. 问题解决文
2.1 解题步骤:
参考模板
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开头：
With the development/improvement of (铺垫), (某一问题). It is necessary that (关注解决现象引出的问题很必要). On the one hand, (理由一). On the other hand, (理由二).
主体：
Therefore, how to (承上启下句，要解决的问题) is worth paying attention. Firstly, (办法一). Secondly, (办法二). For example, (举例解释解决办法二). Thirdly, (办法三). In other words, (阐明解决办法三).
结尾：
In fact, the ways to (解决问题的办法多种多样) are countless. It’s time that (强调解决问题时不可待).
2.3 例文展示
How to Succeed in a Job Interview?（2001年1月）
With the development of job market, job interview plays an important role in job-hunting. It is necessary that we should learn some tricks to perform better in a job interview. On the one hand, a job interview offers interviewees and interviewers respectively a chance to know each other within a very short time. On the other hand, excellent performance in an interview will enable the interviewees to exert a good impression on the interviewer and finally win the job.
Therefore, how to succeed in job interview is worth paying attention. Firstly, interviewees should dress neatly and properly. Secondly, interviewees should be confident. For example, when asked about professional questions, interviewees should give a clear and definite answer. Thirdly, interviewees should have some knowledge about the company and the position they apply for. In other words, interviewees should prepare themselves something about the interview in advance so as to show that they attach vital importance to the job.
In fact, the ways to succeed in a job interview are countless. It’s time that we laid stress on interview because it’s the first step of our work experience.
3. 图表作文
3.1 解题步骤:
3.2 参考模板:
开头：
(概括性词语最近出现的总体现象) has become a common part of people’s life. And (题目要求讨论的具体现象) has always aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is (现象的具体表现).
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主体：
There are a multitude of reasons contributing to （图表变化）, the following is the most vital ones（现象或现象带来的结果，为下文分析产生的原因做铺垫）. First and foremost, (原因一) plays an important part. That is to say, (具体说明原因一). What is more, (原因二). For example, (举例说明原因二).
结尾：
When it comes to (作者要讨论的现象), I contend that(作者的看法). On the one hand, (支持看法的理由一或说明看法的第一个方面). On the other hand, (支持看法的理由二或说明看法的第二个方面). In brief, (总结).
3.3 例文展示
Student use of computers （2002年6月）
Using computers has become a common part of people’s life. And the tremendous growth of student use of computers has always aroused the greatest concern. What impresses us most is that, in 2000, college students averagely spent 20 hours per week on computer, which is the size more than ten times that of ten years ago.
There are a multitude of reasons contributing to why computers are widely used, the followings are the most vital ones. First and foremost, the decreasing price of PC plays an important part. That is to say, more students can afford a personal computer. What is more, the Internet provides college students an amazing world to explore, for example, people can get the latest news and information as well as conveniently make friends around the world.
When it comes to disadvantages and problems existing in student use of computers, I contend that their lack of skills and disciplines is the point we should pay attention to, On the one hand, their lack of skills fails students to make full use of the computer and the Internet. On the other hand, their lack of necessary disciplines makes some students indulge in computer games and net world, and even other negative materials, forgetting their major tasks as college students. In brief, there is still a lot to do to help students make good use of computers.
4. 信件写作
4.1 解题步骤:
4.2 参考模板（建议信为例）
称谓：
Dear ,
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写作目的：
I am delighted to learn that (写信的原因). It (引出作者的建议). In my opinion, (表达建议内容). On the one hand, (提出建议的理由一). On the other hand, ( 建议的理由二).
文章主体：
As to the (具体到某一方面的建议内容), I suggest (). If (供被建议人选择的条件). It is unnecessary for you to (建议内容的另一方面). In addition, (其它的建议). I am sure (对建议内容的评价).
结束语：
Please inform me (对建议内容所做的承诺). I am looking forward to (表达本人的愿望).
署名：
Sincerely Yours, Signature
4.3 例文展示
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter. Suppose you are Zhang Ying. Write a letter to Xiao Wang, a schoolmate of yours who is going to visit you during the weeklong holiday. You should write at least 120 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:
1、表示欢迎2、提出对度假安排的建议3、提醒应该注意的事项
Dear Wang,
I am delighted to learn that you will visit me for a week during this national holiday. It has been a pleasant surprise to hear from you again after such a long time. In my opinion, Shenyang is your best choice for this vacation. On the one hand, there are many places of interest and historical sites in Shenyang. On the other hand, Shenyang is cultural center with various artistic and musical performances..
As to the famous sites, I suggest that you should visit Shenyang Imperial Palace Museum. If you are interested in gardens, Shenyang Botanic Garden won’t disappoint you. It is unnecessary for you to bring anything except your sweaters since it is a little cold in the evenings. In addition, as there will be many people at the railway station, you should not leave your belongings unattended. I am sure you will have a nice time here.
Please inform me when you have come to a decision. I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
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Sincerely Yours,
Michael
四、作文检查
校对文章（3-5 minutes）： 校对检查表 1. 主谓一致（Subject-verb Agreement） Do all your verbs agree in number with their subjects? Remember that singular subjects take singular verbs and plural subjects take plural verbs. 2. 指代关系清楚（Clear Pronoun Reference） Do pronouns that refer back to specific nouns do so clearly? Be especially careful of unclear references involving this, that, those and one. 3. 标点符号正确（Correct Punctuation） Are any commas misplaced, missing, or unnecessary? Are beginning letters capitalized? 4. 拼写无误（Misspelling） Proofread for spelling even if you have run a computer spell check. 5. 慎用易混淆词语（Commonly Confused Words） Be alert for words that are often confused with each other. 6. 避免不完整句（Sentence Fragments） Does each group of words punctuated as a sentence have a subject and a verb? Does it make sense on its own, without being attached to another sentence? 7. 避免串句（Comma Splices） Is a comma alone used to connect two independent clauses? If so, correct this problem by: 1) adding the appropriate coordinating conjunction (and, but, etc.) 2) changing the comma into a semicolon 3) making the clauses into separate sentences 8. 避免前后不一致（Inconsistencies） Are you consistent in expressing yourself throughout your paper? For example, do not shift from the present to the past tense unless your meaning requires you to do so. 9. 格式清楚无误（Manuscripts Form） Have you followed correct manuscript form? In addition, make sure that your essay is neat and clearly printed. 附：
2010四级模拟试卷解析
翻译题:
分析----试译---检查
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87. Because much effort has been wasted on PC games, Jeff found it is (他很难跟上同学) in every course he took this term.
解析: 句法考点（有，it is hard for sb to do）， 词汇考点（有）， 时态考点（无） 词汇考点：
1. 跟上：catch up with
2. 同学：fellow students/ classmates
整句翻译：Because much effort has been wasted on PC games, Jeff found it is hard for him to catch up with his fellow students in every course he took this term. 检查: OK
88. Not only (我刚买的手机太贵了) but it doesn’t work very well either.
解析: 句法考点（倒装）， 词汇考点（有）， 时态考点（一般过去时） 词汇考点：
1. 买： purchase, buy
2. 贵：expensive, high price, cost sb too much 整句翻译：Not only did the mobile phone（一定要用这个做主语） I bought cost me too much （不完全倒装所以选择最后一个表达cost sb too much） but it doesn’t work very well either.. 检查: OK
89. It is very demanding for her to (习惯于连续工作好几个小时) after having stayed unemployed for two years.
解析: 句法考点（无）， 词汇考点（有）， 时态考点（无） 词汇考点：
1. 习惯于：g et used to/ get accustomed to
2. 连续工作： work continuously/ keep working/ work nonstop 3. 好几个小时：several hours/ a couple of hours 整句翻译：It is very demanding for her to get used to working nonstop for a couple of hours after having stayed unemployed for two years. 检查: OK
90. While going on business trip, he takes one extra battery lest it (没电不能使用电脑).
解析: 句法考点（虚拟）， 词汇考点（有）， 时态考点（should+动词原形） 词汇考点：
1. 没电：without electricity/ power
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2. 不能：fail to, cannot
3. 使用：use, employ, work on
整句翻译：While going on business trip, he takes one extra battery lest it should fail to work on his computer without power. 检查: OK
91. Experts reported that the occurrence of natural disasters is (与环境恶化有关) 解析: 句法考点（无）， 词汇考点（有）， 时态考点（无） 词汇考点：
1. 与…有关：be linked with, be related to
2. 环境恶化：environmental degradation/ deterioration, worsening/aggrevating environment
整句翻译：Experts reported that the occurrence of natural disasters is related to environmental degradation 检查: OK
作文题
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minute to write a short essay on the topic of Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given bellow:
1. 越来越多的人喜欢网上购物； 2. 也会带来一些问题； 3. 我的看法。
Online Shopping
There are an increasing number of （亮点词汇）college students who love going shopping online. They are in some sense getting addicted to（亮点词汇） online shopping for reasons of being convenient, time saving, cost efficient or good after-sale service（不好，尽量能改成同一词性, high convenience, time saving, cost efficiency or desirable after-sale service）. The products they purchase via （亮点词汇）the internet range from（亮点词汇） learning materials in relation to their study to the articles necessary in their daily lives. （背景引出话题+适当原因分析）
No doubt, there is a different side of online shopping as well（主题句）. In the first place（关联词）, many products bought this way may turn out to be of low quality, as against what is advertised on the web（亮点句型：名词性从句）. In the second
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place, the shoppers may be cheated, getting nothing after paying a certain amount of （亮点词汇）money. Lastly, after-sale service may not be guaranteed, for （亮点词汇）some online shops may go bankruptcy or change hands.
As for me, I think （恶心词汇，并且重复）we should be careful with online shopping, just as the proverb goes: “Look before you leap”（名人名言）. In other words, one should make sure that the price of the product is reasonable and the quality is reliable in advance. （缺点：过多人做主语）
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