A12-Test-Bank-Part-II-Chapter-10-Using-Language

FLTRP Book Development Project

Chapter 10 Using Language

True-False Questions

Students are to indicate whether each of the following statements is true or false by circling the

appropriate letter.

1. T F The words we use to label an event determine to a great extent how we respond to that event. 2. T F Connotative meaning is precise, literal, and objective. 3. T F A speaker should avoid using familiar words because they make a speech sound trite. 4. T F Language needs to be appropriate to a speaker herself or himself, as well as to the audience, topic, and occasion. 5. T F A speech dominated by abstract words will almost always be clearer than one dominated by concrete words. 6. T F “The Olympic flame burns inside every competitor, igniting their desire to win gold” is an example of metaphor. 7. T F Antithesis and alliteration are excellent ways to enhance the imagery of a speech. 8. T F “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country” is an example of antithesis. 9. T F Using language with a strong rhythm can increase the impact of a speaker’s words. 10. T F As your textbook explains, using inclusive language in a speech is important primarily as a matter of political correctness. Multiple Choice Questions

Students are to indicate the best answer for each question by circling the correct letter.

1. Language helps to shape our sense of reality by __________. a. causing events

b. giving meaning to events c. communicating events d. reflecting events

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

2. The denotative meaning of a word is __________. a. what the word suggests or implies b. its literal or dictionary meaning

c. based on the audience’s sense of appropriateness d. usually more abstract than its connotative meaning

3. The connotative meaning of a word is __________. a. its dictionary definition b. determined by the speaker c. concrete and precise

d. what the word suggests or implies

4. As your textbook explains, connotative meaning gives words their __________ power. a. logical b. definitional c. emotional d. rhythmical

5. Each of the following is discussed in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language in public speaking EXCEPT __________. a. using language clearly b. using language vividly

c. using language appropriately d. using language technically

6. According to your textbook, __________ words refer to ideas or concepts rather than to tangible objects. a. vivid b. abstract c. concrete d. denotative

7. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific? a. Author. b. Writer. c. Lu Xun.

d. Fantasy author.

8. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific? a. Prescription medicine. b. Aspirin. c. Medicine. d. Health care.

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

9. Which of the following words is the most general and abstract? a. Language. b. Novel. c. Book.

d. Publication.

10. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific? a. Composer. b. Mozart.

c. Classical music. d. Entertainment.

11. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?

a. Fruit. b. Apricot. c. Tree. d. Plant.

12. Which of the following words is the most concrete and specific?

a. Performer. b. Actress. c. Movie star. d. Celebrity.

13. To use language vividly your textbook recommends that speakers employ __________.

a. imagery and rhythm

b. concrete words and quotations c. testimony and examples d. antithesis and parallelism

14. Phrases such as “dry as a bone,” “clear as a bell,” “dark as night,” and “smart as a whip” should be avoided in speeches because they are __________. a. similes b. clichés c. connotative d. figurative

15. “My grandmother is the glue that holds our family together” is an example of __________. a. metaphor b. antithesis c. repetition d. simile

16. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of __________.

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

The greeting card industry began by creating a line for every occasion; to keep growing it had to create an occasion for every line.

a. connotation b. antithesis

c. personification d. metaphor

17. “The flickering light of the fire revealed the fearful faces of the campers” is an example of __________. a. antithesis b. alliteration c. repetition d. simile

18. “Success attained after walking through the minefields of adversity is sweet indeed” is an example of __________. a. metaphor b. parallelism c. antithesis d. repetition

19. According to your textbook, the following statement is an example of __________.

When Tiger Woods got his first golf club, it was like Picasso getting his first paint brush.

a. simile b. metaphor c. antithesis b. repetition

20. “Just like an iceberg, the most important dimensions of culture are below the surface” is an example of __________. a. antithesis b. repetition c. simile d. metaphor

21. “Our mission is to right wrong, to do justice, and to serve humanity” is an example of __________. a. parallelism b. antithesis c. metaphor d. imagery

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

22. “Memories are like fingerprints—no two sets are ever the same” is an example of __________. a. metaphor b. antithesis c. simile

d. personification

23. “The roots of education are bitter, but the fruit is sweet” is an example of __________. a. metaphor b. simile c. repetition d. rhythm

24. “Her cheek was soft yet vibrant—a beautiful piece of copper-colored silk,” is an example of __________. a. metaphor b. antithesis c. abstraction d. repetition

25. “My teacher was a gardener nurturing the seeds of knowledge” is an example of __________. a. repetition b. metaphor c. simile d. antithesis

26. In his speech on the importance of regular exercise, Linda stated, “Taking the first step toward a healthier lifestyle requires three commitments: discipline, determination, and desire.” In this statement, Linda used __________. a. metaphor b. alliteration c. antithesis d. repetition

27. According to your textbook, “Let every nation know that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty” is an example of __________. a. metaphor b. parallelism c. antithesis d. simile

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

28. “Unfortunately, many Americans live on the outskirts of hope—some because of their poverty, some because of their color, and all too many because of both” is an example of __________. a. parallelism b. antithesis

c. personification d. analogy

29. Your textbook recommends using repetition and parallelism to enhance the __________of your speeches. a. emotional appeal b. appropriateness c. imagery d. rhythm

30. __________ is the repetition of the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words.

a. Antithesis b. Assonance c. Alliteration d. Anthimeria

31. “We will be candid, consistent, and confident” is an example of __________. a. metaphor b. antithesis c. alliteration d. repetition

32. “Ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country” is an example of __________. a. simile b. metaphor c. imagery d. antithesis

33. “We must come to realize that we are responsible not only for preparing you for the world, but for preparing the world for you” is an example of __________.

a. metaphor

b. appropriateness c. antithesis d. simile

34. Which of the following is mentioned in your textbook as a basic criterion for the effective use of language? a. Use language persuasively.

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

b. Use language credibly. c. Use language emphatically. d. Use language appropriately.

35. In her speech about classical ballet, Tina mentioned, but did not explain, the terms entrechat and arabesque. Since most of her listeners were unfamiliar with ballet, what error did Tina make in her use of language?

a. She did not use language appropriate to the occasion. b. She did not use language appropriate to the audience. c. She did not use language appropriate to the setting. d. She did not use language appropriate to the speaker.

36. “Surgeons and their wives deserve the financial protection offered by these caps on monetary awards in malpractice suits.” This statement violates which of the guidelines for inclusive language discussed in your textbook? a. Avoid stereotyping jobs and social roles by gender. b. Avoid excluding listeners because of their occupation. c. Use names that groups use to identify themselves. d. Both a & b.

Short Answer Questions

1. As your textbook explains, language should be appropriate to the topic, the audience, the

occasion, and the speaker.

2. Three methods explained in your textbook for using language clearly are:

a. Use concrete words. b. Use familiar words. c. Eliminate clutter.

3. Rearrange the following words in order from most general and abstract to most concrete and

specific:

transportation, Ford products, vehicles, Mustangs, automobiles transportation, vehicles, automobiles, Ford products, Mustangs

4. Using concrete words is the key to creating effective verbal imagery.

5. A simile is a figurative comparison that always contains the word “like” or “as.”

6. A form of creating imagery in a speech that involves an implied comparison between things

that are essentially different is termed metaphor.

7. The similar arrangement of a pair or series of related words is a language device called

parallelism.

8. When you repeat the initial consonant sound of close or adjoining words, you are using the

language device known as alliteration.

9. Here are four words whose meaning is roughly synonymous—walk, trudge, stroll, march.

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Test Bank for The Art of Public Speaking Stephen Lucas & Suya Yin

FLTRP Book Development Project

Select the appropriate word to complete each of the following sentences.

a. b. c. d.

On spring afternoons we like to stroll through the botanical gardens. I was too tired to do anything but trudge home. We had a great time watching the bands march by during the parade. If you walk instead of drive, you’ll improve your cardiovascular fitness.

Essay Questions

1. What are the differences between connotative meaning and denotative meaning? Be sure

to illustrate your answer with examples of each kind of meaning.

2. Explain the differences between abstract and concrete words. Why are public speakers

usually advised to rely on the latter rather than on the former?

3. Identify and explain the four criteria given in your textbook for using language

effectively.

4. What is the difference between imagery and rhythm in the language of a speech? Identify

and explain two devices each for enhancing the imagery and the rhythm of a speech.

5. One of the greatest differences between writing an essay and giving a speech is that the

listener, unlike the reader, cannot turn to a dictionary or reread an author’s words to discover their meaning. How does this complicate the task of a public speaker? Explain three specific steps a speaker can take to make his or her meaning clear despite these complications.

Discussion: These three steps need not be limited to material dealt with in Chapter 10. Students might focus their answers on such matters as using familiar words, eliminating clutter, and the like, but they might also mention such matters as using clear patterns of organization, providing connectives between ideas, etc.

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